تاثیر فقر بر توسعه مالی در منتخبی از کشورهای در حال توسعه

نادمی, یونس; دالوندی, معصومه

doi:10.30465/jnet.2023.44867.2015

تاثیر فقر بر توسعه مالی در منتخبی از کشورهای در حال توسعه

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشیار اقتصاد، دانشگاه آیت ا... بروجردی، بروجرد، ایران

² کارشناسی ارشد اقتصاد، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

10.30465/jnet.2023.44867.2015

چکیده

نرخ بالای فقر توانایی افراد را دربرآوردن نیازهای روزانه‌شان محدود می‌کند، ازاین‌روی توجه سیاستگذاران و دولت‌ها را به خود جلب کرده ‌است. در مطالعه حاضر برخلاف مطالعات پیشین، به بررسی اثر فقر بر توسعه مالی پرداخته شده ‌است. علاوه‌براین پژوهش حاضر بدنبال پاسخ به این سوال است که آیا تاثیر فقر بر توسعه مالی به سطح بازبودن تجارت کشورها بستگی دارد یا خیر. برای نیل به اهداف مذکور، از مدل پانل آستانه‌ای برای 25 کشور در حال توسعه طی دوره زمانی 2020-2002 و همچنین به منظور اجتناب از مشکل درونزایی از روش 2SLS و بکارگیری متغیرهای ابزاری استفاده شده است. نتایج حاکی از آن است که تا وقتی درجه بازبودن تجاری از 65 درصد کمتر باشد، افزایش فقر موجب کاهش شدیدتر توسعه مالی در اقتصاد می‌شود و زمانی که درجه بازبودن بیشتر از 65 درصد باشد، افزایش فقر موجب کاهش کمتری در توسعه مالی می‌شود. زیرا در شرایط باز بودن تنگناهای ناشی از فقر می‌تواند با افزایش درجه باز بودن و فرصت‌های مالی یک اقتصاد باز جبران شود. به عبارت دیگر افزایش درجه بازبودن اقتصاد موجب کاهش اثرات محدودکننده فقر بر توسعه مالی می‌شود. همچنین نتایج برآورد مدل نشان می‌دهد که لگاریتم درآمد سرانه، پس‌انداز و تراکم جمعیت تاثیر مثبت و معنی‌داری بر توسعه مالی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of Poverty on Financial Development in Selected Developing Countries

نویسندگان [English]

Younes nademi ¹
maasoumeh Dalvandi ²

¹ Associate Professor of Economics, Ayatollah Borujerdi University, Borujerd, Iran

² MA in Economics, Allameh Tabatabai University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

High poverty rates limit people's ability to meet their daily needs. Therefore, it has attracted the attention of policymakers and governments. In this study, unlike previous studies, the effect of poverty on financial development has been investigated. In addition, the current research seeks to answer the question of whether the poverty on financial development depends on the level of trade openness of countries. To achieve the aforementioned goals, a threshold panel model has been used for 25 developing countries from 2002 to 2020, and also to avoid the endogeneity problem, the 2SLS method and the use of instrumental variables have been used. The results indicate that as long as the degree of commercial openness is less than 65%, the increase in poverty causes a sharper decrease in financial development in the economy, and when the degree of openness is greater than 65%, the increase in poverty causes a smaller decrease in financial development. Because in the conditions of openness, the bottlenecks caused by poverty can be compensated by increasing the degree of openness and financial opportunities of an open economy. In other words, increasing the degree of openness of the economy reduces the limiting effects of poverty on financial development. Also, the model estimation results show that the logarithm of per capita income, savings and population density have positive and significant effects on financial development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

poverty؛ financial development؛ degree of trade openness؛ threshold panel model؛ developing countries JEL Classification: F14
G20
I32

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