تاثیر ریسک اقتصادی بر کارآفرینی زنان در کشورهای منتخب جهان

شاه آبادی, ابوالفضل; جعفری, مهدی; داوری کیش, راضیه

doi:10.30465/jnet.2019.4280

تاثیر ریسک اقتصادی بر کارآفرینی زنان در کشورهای منتخب جهان

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ استاد دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی دانشگاه الزهرا

² دﮐﺘﺮی ﻋﻠﻮم اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻣﻔﯿﺪ و ﻣﺪرس داﻧﺸﮕﺎه حضرت معصومه(س)

³ داﻧﺸﺠﻮی دﮐﺘﺮی اﻗﺘﺼﺎد ﺑﺨﺶ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯽ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﻮﻋﻠﯽ ﺳﯿﻨﺎ

10.30465/jnet.2019.4280

چکیده

از آنجا که زنان نیمی از جمعیت هر کشور را تشکیل میدهند لذا حمایت از فعالیتهای کارآفرینانه زنان می‌تواند نقش موثری در رشد اقتصادی مستمر و باثبات کشورها داشته باشد. زنان کارآفرین به دلیل ترس از شکست تمایل کمتری برای شروع یا ادامه فعالیتهای کارآفرینی دارند. کیفیت پایین محیط نهادی، افزایش ترس از شکست و احتمال عدم قطعیت برای دستیابی بازدهی مورد انتظار نتیجه افزایش ریسک اقتصادی است. بنابراین، افزایش ریسک اقتصادی با افزایش احتمال عدم قطعیت برای دستیابی به بازدهی مورد انتظار و افزایش ترس از شکست باعث کاهش کارآفرینی زنان می‌شود. لذا مطالعه حاضر به بررسی تاثیر ریسک اقتصادی بر کارآفرینی زنان در کشورهای منتخب جهان طی دوره 2015-2008 با استفاده از روش گشتاورهای تعمیم‌یافته(GMM) میپردازد. نتایج پژوهش نشان میدهد، کاهش ریسک اقتصادی تاثیر مثبت و معنیداری بر کارآفرینی زنان دارد. همچنین متغیرهای توسعه مالی، سرمایه انسانی، سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی تاثیر مثبت و معنیداری بر کارآفرینی زنان دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Economic Risk on Women's Entrepreneurship Activity in Selected Countries of the World

نویسندگان [English]

Abolfazl Shahabadi ¹
mahdi jafari ²
Raziye Davari Kish ³

¹ Professor, Faculty of Social and Economic Sciences, Al-Zahra University,

² --

³ --

چکیده [English]

In economic literature, entrepreneurship has been strongly emphasized as one of the key determinants of economic growth and development. Given that almost women make up half of the population of each country, supporting of entrepreneurial activities of this group can play an effective role in Economic growth and development. Thus, one of the paths of women's participation for proceeding of goals of economic development is through entrepreneurship. Although, women's entrepreneurship has significantly different with men's entrepreneurship. women's entrepreneurship are less willing to start or continue entrepreneurial activities because of fear of failure. The low quality of the institutional environment, the increasing fear of failure, and the possibility of uncertainty for achieving expected returns are the result of increased economic risk. Therefore, increasing of economic risk by increasing the possibility of uncertainty for achieving expected returns and increasing fear of failure will reduce women's entrepreneurship. For this purpose, the present study seeks to investigate the effect of economic risk on world women's total early-stage entrepreneurship activity in selected countries of the world during 2008-2015 using the Generalized Method of Moments(GMM) method. The results of this study indicate that improving economic risk has a positive and significant effect on women's entrepreneurship. Also, variables of financial development, human capital index, direct foreign investment have a positive and significant effect on women's entrepreneurship.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Economic Risk "
Entrepreneurship "
Women"
Selected countries"
Generalized Method of Moments(GMM) method

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