اقتصاد و  تجارت نوین

اقتصاد و تجارت نوین

نقد و تحلیل ویژگی‌های نظام حقوقی مشوق‌های مالیاتی در حوزه اموال فکری: آموزه‌هایی برای ایران

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار حقوق مالکیت فکری، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق عمومی دانشگاه تهران، ایران.
3 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد حقوق بین‌الملل، دانشگاه قم، قم، ایران.
10.30465/jnet.2025.51041.2179
چکیده
اخذ مالیات در حوزه اموال فکری بر انگیزه‌های استارتاپ ها مؤثر است و معافیت‌ها و نرخ‌های مالیاتی می‌تواند جهت‌دهی مسیر تحقیق و توسعه را ترسیم کند. اگرچه ممکن است کشورها از نظام ویژه‌ای برای این اموال استفاده نکنند اما برخی کشورها در این زمینه نظام مالیاتی خاص خود را در مراحل‌ ایجاد، انتقال‌ و استفاده‌ از اموال‌ فکری طراحی و زمینه جدی مداخله دولت را در حوزه اموال فکری فراهم کرده‌اند. این مقاله نظام مالیاتی مربوط به مصادیق اموال فکری و وضعیت‌هایی که منجر به اخذ یا معافیت مالیاتی می‌شود را بررسی و بدین مسئله می‌پردازد که نظام مشوق‌های مالیاتی اموال فکری در کشورهای توسعه‌یافته چه ویژگی‌ها و مؤلفه‌هایی دارد؟ نوشتار حاضر بر لزوم تدوین سیاست‌های مالیاتی خاص متناسب با شرایط اقتصادی کشورهای درحال‌توسعه تأکید می‌کند تا عواملی چون شرایط محلی و نیازها را مدنظر قرار دهد و از کپی‌برداری مستقیم از مدل‌های کشور‌های توسعه‌یافته اجتناب شود.
این پژوهش با روش تحلیلی توصیفی نتیجه می‌گیرد عدالت و کارایی به‌صورت توأمان بایستی در اتخاذ سیاست‌های مالیاتی مدنظر قرار گیرد تا بتوان به تصمیم‌گیری متفاوت در خصوص هر مصداق مالکیت فکری و در هر مرحله از رشد و پرورش آن مال پرداخت.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Tax Legal System in the Field of Intellectual Property (A Lesson for Legislative Policy-Making in Iranian Law)

نویسندگان English

زهرا شاکری 1
ali Hajihosseini 2
bahareh hajihoseini 3
1 Associate Professor of Intellectual Property Law, Faculty of Law and Political Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran
2 PhD student of Public Law, University of Tehran, Iran.
3 Master's student in International Law,Qom National University,Qom,Iran
چکیده English

Taxation of intellectual property can affect the motivations of innovators and startups. The tax exemptions and rates can chart the direction of research and development. Although countries may not use a special system for this property, some countries have designed their own tax system in each of the stages of creation, transfer and use of intellectual property, which has its own unique characteristics and has provided a serious basis for government intervention in the field of intellectual property. In this article,, the problem is, what are the characteristics and components of the tax system on intellectual property?
It also emphasizes the need to develop specific tax policies tailored to the economic conditions of developing countries, which should take into account factors such as local conditions and needs and avoid direct copying of models of developed countries.
This research, by descriptive analysis and by examining the documents and statistics and experience of developed countries, concludes that justice and efficiency should be considered in the adoption of tax policies in a twin way. It can lead to different decisions about each intellectual property and at each stage of its development

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Intellectual property rights
Tax systems
Developing countries
Innovation Policies
Economic Development
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