Asymmetric Effect of Unemployment on Load Capacity Factor (LCF) in Selected MENA Countries: Analysis of the Environmental Phillips Curve (EPC) Hypothesis
the main purpose of this research is to investigate the symmetrical and asymmetrical effect of unemployment on the load capacity factor (LCF) as a new and comprehensive indicator of environmental sustainability and analysis of the EPC hypothesis in 11 countries of the MENA region during the years 2000-2022 in the form of a STIRPAT model. For this purpose, unit root and panel cointegration tests with cross-sectional dependence and pooled mean group estimator have been used in two symmetric (PMG-ARDL) and asymmetric (PMG-NARDL) models. The estimation results of the symmetrical model show that unemployment had a positive and significant effect on LCF. The estimation results of the asymmetric model also indicate the positive and significant impact of positive unemployment impulses and the negative and significant effect of negative unemployment impulses on LCF; in such a way that the effect size of negative impulses is larger (confirmation of asymmetric impact). Based on Dumitrescu & Hurlin's (2012) panel causality test, the two-way causality relationship between LCF and unemployment variables is confirmed. Based on other results, total population and energy consumption have a negative and significant effect on LCF, and the hypothesis of an N-shaped load capacity curve (LCC) is confirmed.
golkhandan, A. (2024). Asymmetric Effect of Unemployment on Load Capacity Factor (LCF) in Selected MENA Countries: Analysis of the Environmental Phillips Curve (EPC) Hypothesis. new economy and trad, 19(64), -. doi: 10.30465/jnet.2025.49103.2145
MLA
golkhandan, A. . "Asymmetric Effect of Unemployment on Load Capacity Factor (LCF) in Selected MENA Countries: Analysis of the Environmental Phillips Curve (EPC) Hypothesis", new economy and trad, 19, 64, 2024, -. doi: 10.30465/jnet.2025.49103.2145
HARVARD
golkhandan, A. (2024). 'Asymmetric Effect of Unemployment on Load Capacity Factor (LCF) in Selected MENA Countries: Analysis of the Environmental Phillips Curve (EPC) Hypothesis', new economy and trad, 19(64), pp. -. doi: 10.30465/jnet.2025.49103.2145
CHICAGO
A. golkhandan, "Asymmetric Effect of Unemployment on Load Capacity Factor (LCF) in Selected MENA Countries: Analysis of the Environmental Phillips Curve (EPC) Hypothesis," new economy and trad, 19 64 (2024): -, doi: 10.30465/jnet.2025.49103.2145
VANCOUVER
golkhandan, A. Asymmetric Effect of Unemployment on Load Capacity Factor (LCF) in Selected MENA Countries: Analysis of the Environmental Phillips Curve (EPC) Hypothesis. new economy and trad, 2024; 19(64): -. doi: 10.30465/jnet.2025.49103.2145
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